A religious ruling has declared the use of cryptocurrencies as a medium of exhange as impermissible, disqualifying the digital currency as wealth.
The religious directive, more commonly known as fatwa, was issued by Karachi-based Darul Ifta at Jama Darul Uloom and dated June 10, 2026, according to local newspaper Dawn.
“According to research and opinion of experts so far, cryptocurrency is not considered ‘maal’ (wealth) in Sharia. Instead, it is merely the recording of fictitious numbers in an account, whether in the form of USDT (Tether stablecoin) or other crypto tokens,” the fatwa stated.
The ruling, which cites references from works of religious jurisprudence, includes renowned Islamic scholar Mufti Usmani, a Federal Shariah Court former judge and five prominent scholars as signatories.
In response to a query regarding purchasing books with cryptocurrency, the ruling said that since the cryptocurrency was not recognised as wealth, the buyer did not technically become the owner of those books through such transactions.
“Therefore, it is not permissible for you to use them or sell them to others. Instead, it is mandatory upon you to return these books to the person from whom you purchased them,” the fatwa added.
Crypto czar Bilal bin Saqib deliberated with the religious scholar amid growing frenzy around the validility of the digital asset.
“We are united on one fundamental objective: protecting Pakistanis from fraud, exploitation, and financial harm,” Saqib, who chairs the Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority, wrote on social media platform X.
Pakistan passed a bill earlier this year to establish a specialised authority to license and regulate digital assets in the country.
Ashar Nazim, managing director of Aion Digital said that the reasoning underneath the ruling is not built on volatility or speculation, which is the argument you usually hear.
"It rests on a much older question. Does crypto even qualify as maal, as property, under Islamic law. The ruling says no. It calls it a record of notional numbers in an account. Not something you can own in the classical sense, Nazim wrote in a LinkedIn post.
"What I found genuinely telling is that this is not settled. Pakistan's own virtual assets regulator asked for continued dialogue. Doctrinal questions like this move slower than product roadmaps, and faster than most institutions plan for. If your business touches anything crypto adjacent in an Islamic finance market, this is worth us discussing."
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