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Home / Insights

Featured Insights

Islamic Lifestyle

How major airlines can beckon Muslim travelers for greater revenues

28 Oct 2025
Insight

Halal Industry
Ten Muslim-friendly cosmetic brands
14 Oct 2025
Insight

Islamic Lifestyle
How influencers are lending credence to India’s modest fashion sector 
13 Oct 2025
Insight

Islamic Lifestyle
Top 10 countries with highest percentage of Muslims
11 Aug 2025
Insight

Islamic Lifestyle
Ten Muslim-friendly airports in non-Muslim countries
04 Aug 2025
Insight

Islamic Lifestyle
Modest fashion gains ground in Western academia
28 Jul 2025
Insight


All Other Insights
Islamic Lifestyle
How major airlines can beckon Muslim travelers for greater revenues

As global travelers seek experiences aligned with their values, Muslim-friendly tourism has become more mainstream in the post-pandemic travel landscape. According to the 2025 Mastercard–CrescentRating Global Muslim Travel Index (GMTI), the global Muslim travel market is one of the fastest-growing segments in the international tourism industry. The study forecasts Muslim arrivals at 176 million in 2024, representing a 25% year-over-year increase, and projects this number to reach 245 million by 2030. 

Furthermore, DinarStandard’s State of the Global Islamic Economy 2024/25 Report estimates that Muslim-friendly travel spending reached $216.9 billion in 2023 and is projected to surge to $384.1 billion by 2028, representing a compound annual growth rate of 12.1%,  outpacing nearly every other lifestyle segment.

For airlines, this market represents both scale and loyalty with a clear underlying message: serve it well, and the revenue will follow.

Building a faith-aware travel experience

Muslim travelers are among the youngest and fastest-growing consumer bases in the world. The global Muslim population, currently around 2.19 billion, is projected to increase to 2.54 billion by 2035. Much of that growth comes from Gen Z and Millennials, digital natives entering their prime earning and travel years.

Within this segment, religious travel remains a major engine. Saudi Arabia welcomed 1.67 million Hajj pilgrims in 2025, a lower total than pre-pandemic peaks but still a vast logistical feat. The year-round Umrah pilgrimage has become another source of travelers with 6.5 million international Umrah visitors recorded in Q1 2025 and another 1.2 million arrivals since June, according to AP News. 

Within such a reliable, annual segment, the question for airlines then becomes, what are the areas through which they can attract the largest number of travelers. 

Food is often the first trust signal that comes up. Gulf carriers, such as Emirates and Qatar Airways, have long set the gold standard by offering halal-certified meals on every flight, verified by recognized bodies like the Halal Food Council. However, outside the GCC, many airlines still lag. 

Certifying caterers through globally recognized authorities, such as JAKIM or IFANCA, and clearly labeling halal options can make a significant difference. Pre-order systems for dietary preferences, transparent sourcing, and consistent cabin messaging reinforce confidence while streamlining operations.

Faith-aware design can also transform the passenger experience. Simple features such as Qibla direction indicators, prayer-time notifications, and content filters in in-flight entertainment signal respect and understanding. 

Muslim travelers already rely on third-party tools such as the HalalTrip app for in-flight prayer guidance; embedding these utilities directly into an airline’s digital experience elevates it from convenience to care. On the ground, dedicated prayer rooms, like those at Dubai (DXB), Doha (DOH), and Jeddah (JED), complete the circle of trust from check-in to arrival.

For airlines, Ramadan and Umrah are not just cultural moments; they’re commercial seasons. Treating them as such allows carriers to unlock new revenue layers. Ramadan flight calendars that include suhoor and iftar meal options, timed date-and-water service at sunset, or pre-order suhoor boxes on overnight routes are small gestures with significant brand impact.

Similarly, Umrah travel bundles, which cover visa assistance, ground transfers, flexible return fares, and guidance on Zamzam water handling, simplify planning and build customer trust. Stopover programs in halal-ready hubs like Dubai, Doha, and Istanbul can be enhanced with prayer-friendly hotels, halal dining guides, and family-friendly packages. 

Speaking to women and families
The two biggest key growth drivers in the Muslim traveler segment are famiy groups and female travelers. Airlines that cater to these demographics through tangible actions, such as guaranteed adjacent seating for families, mother-and-child amenities, modest swimwear-friendly stopover options, and privacy-oriented lounges, stand to earn lasting loyalty. 

Earning loyalty through trust and value
Muslim-majority markets tend to be price-sensitive but highly brand-loyal once trust is established. This dynamic favors strategic pricing such as Ramadan sales, Umrah off-peak fares, and faith-aligned co-branded credit cards offering halal-friendly rewards, including charity redemptions, Umrah travel, or family lounge access. Airlines that tie such offers to Eid promotions or loyalty-status accelerators will not only drive bookings but also build year-round engagement.

Following the pilgrims and the diaspora
Network planning can amplify these gains. The South and Southeast Asia to Saudi Arabia corridor remains the primary pilgrim route, and airlines that coordinate capacity around Hajj and Umrah can capture spillover from both faith and leisure travel. Codeshare partnerships with carriers in Indonesia, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Malaysia can turn one-stop connections into competitive differentiators.

Diaspora routes also hold promise, such as the UK–Maghreb, France–North Africa, US–MENA, and Gulf–Africa connections. Through-checked baggage for Zamzam water, shorter connection times, and prayer-friendly terminals make a measurable difference in traveler choice.

The Bottom line
The opportunity is vast and visible. A quarter-trillion-dollar market by 2030 and projected spending of $384 billion by 2028 won’t wait for carriers that treat Muslim travelers as an afterthought. The airlines that lead will integrate halal-certified catering as standard, embed faith-aware digital features, recognize Ramadan and Umrah as distinct commercial seasons, and communicate authentically with families and female travelers.

28 Oct 2025
Insight
Halal Industry
Ten Muslim-friendly cosmetic brands

Once considered a niche market, halal cosmetics have become a global phenomenon, with a market projected to exceed $117.8 billion by 2028. More brands are now reformulating products, pursuing halal certification, and appealing to a new generation of consumers who care about purity and purpose as much as pigment and performance.

For Muslim consumers, halal cosmetics promise a way to practice self-care without compromise. It refers to products that comply with Islamic law, being free from alcohol, pig derivatives, and animal by-products, and manufactured under ethical and hygienic conditions.

This becomes especially important as certain mainstream cosmetics use ingredients that are considered haram due to their use of pig-derived collagen, lanolin alcohol, or carmine, a pigment derived from crushed insects. Even products as common as nail polish can pose challenges, since traditional formulas prevent water from reaching the nail — an issue for Muslim women performing wudu (ablution before prayer). Halal nail polishes are specifically designed to be water-permeable and breathable, offering both style and spiritual ease.

Why halal certification matters
In a crowded beauty market filled with “natural” and “clean” claims, halal certification provides a unique layer of trust. A halal-certified product has been vetted by a recognized Islamic authority, such as JAKIM (Malaysia), LPPOM-MUI (Indonesia), IFANCA (USA), or Halal Certification Europe (UK), to ensure compliance with Islamic standards.

With that in mind, here's a list of ten Muslim-friendly brands that balance faith, quality, and innovation to define what modern halal beauty looks like.

Wardah (Indonesia)
The region’s standard-bearer for halal beauty, Wardah is certified in Indonesia and has become a mass-market powerhouse across Southeast Asia. In 2025, it again ranked as the number one beauty brand in Southeast Asia, surpassing global giants, underscoring the mainstream adoption of halal beauty. Wardah publicly positions its products as safe and halal; Indonesian halal rules are tightening too, with full halal certification mandatory for cosmetics by October 2026, further entrenching leaders like Wardah. 
Why it ranks: Scale, certification pedigree, and brand leadership across a Muslim-majority region.

Safi (Malaysia)
A household name at home and increasingly visible abroad, Safi bills itself as “100% HALAL” certified by JAKIM, Malaysia’s national authority, and promotes alcohol- and gelatin-free formulations. It is widely marketed as Malaysia’s No. 1 halal brand and has expanded from skincare to hair and body care. 
Why it ranks: Strong JAKIM credentials and deep penetration in one of the world’s most mature halal-personal-care markets.

INIKA Organic (Australia)
INIKA is a rare global clean-beauty label that is explicitly certified halal, alongside certified organic, vegan, and cruelty-free credentials, and is sold in more than 35 countries. That combination makes it a go-to choice for Muslim consumers seeking premium, plant-based formulations that are free from alcohol and animal by-products. 
Why it ranks: INIKA has an international distribution, along with multiple third-party certifications, including halal, which contribute to its popularity.

Iba (India)
Iba markets itself as India’s No. 1 vegan and halal-certified brand, offering cruelty-free color cosmetics, skincare, and fragrance. Its positioning is tailored to a massive, price-sensitive market where halal and “clean” cues increasingly overlap. 
Why it ranks: First-mover advantage in India with clear halal branding and broad product lines.

786 Cosmetics (USA)
Best known for its nail polish, 786 combines fashion-forward shades with halal certification (GIC International), PETA's vegan/cruelty-free verification, and lab-tested water permeability (SGS), addressing key concerns for wudu-friendly users.
Why it ranks: Clear, multi-layer certification and global DTC reach in a category that Muslim consumers scrutinize most.

Tuesday in Love (Canada)
A pioneer of ISNA Canada-certified halal nail polish (and now gels) with published statements on ingredients and permeability. The brand leans heavily into compliance communications, which is exactly what many donors and shoppers say builds trust. 
Why it ranks: Robust, recognizable North American certification and strong education around wudu-friendliness.

Amara Halal Cosmetics (USA)
Among the earliest U.S. halal color brands, products are IFANCA-certified on select SKUs and free from common “no-go” ingredients. It helped define the halal makeup category for English-speaking markets.
Why it ranks: Legacy halal player with certification from a respected U.S. body.

Sampure Minerals (UK/Europe)
Sampure bills itself as Europe’s first halal-certified makeup line, offering mineral-based foundations, blushers, and lip colors. It remains a reference point for halal mineral makeup in EU/UK retail. 
Why it ranks: Early halal pioneer in Europe, along with a continued niche following for mineral formulas.

PHB Ethical Beauty (UK)
A British indie label combining vegan, cruelty-free, and halal-certified positioning, sold through ethical beauty retailers across Europe. It appeals to consumers who want halal compliance and a low-tox, planet-friendly ethos. 
Why it ranks: Verified halal offer within a broader ethical framework that resonates with younger Muslim shoppers.

Zahara (Singapore)
Best known for halal, breathable nail polish. Singaporean founder Amira Geneid has been a prominent voice on halal makeup, with media features explaining ingredient and permeability testing. 
Why it ranks: Category specialist in wudu-friendly polish with Southeast Asian roots.

14 Oct 2025
Insight
Islamic Lifestyle
How influencers are lending credence to India’s modest fashion sector 

Modest fashion is gaining ground the world over, as individuals increasingly prefer clothing that represents their cultural and religious beliefs. 

Numbers back the optimism, with Muslim consumer spending on apparel and footwear totalling $327 billion in 2023, marking a 3% year-on-year increase, according to the State of the Global Islamic Economy Report 2024/25. This figure is projected to rise to $433 billion by 2028 at a compound annual growth rate of 5.8%. 

India, home to more than 200 million Muslims, is no different. However, what has emerged as a pleasing national trend is that modest clothing is no longer a priority shopping list item for a select group.

Rather, women hailing from a range of backgrounds and religions are making modest sartorial choices because it embodies elegance, comfort, and fashion. Likened to other sectors, modest fashion also relies on forces and factors outside the traditional marketing funnel to create product loyalty. 

Brand marketing, as we once knew it, has been upended by the advent of new-media platforms and content. Digital influencers, a cohort of tech-savvy content creators and bloggers who have garnered tens of thousands of followers on social media, have rewritten the marketing playbook. With content that is homely, relatable and engaging, influencers have segued brand power from the stronghold of athletes and celebrities to their own backyards. 

Given that 69% of consumers trust influencers, friends and family over information coming directly from a brand, according to a 2023 study, the link between an Instagram influencer and a housewife or a teenager wields incredible power in not only sculpting consumer behaviour but also shaping brands and their destinies.

Moving further, influencer marketing helps stem the rise of duplicate products, enabling genuine brands to forge meaningful alliances with customers.

Capitalising on content 
Sana Farheen Shaikh, who established Forever Modest, carved a route into modest fashion due to personal reasons. 

As a sports fencer, she struggled to find sportswear that was flexible and modest, driving her to create a brand that offers both. The company, which started out by creating modest work clothes and later added sportswear and swimwear, maintains a decent social media presence of 23,000 Instagram followers. While Forever Modest mainly serves Muslim women, it is fairly popular amongst all who value versatility and style. 

“Our main audience are Muslim women, but modest fashion is for anyone who likes comfort and class,” Shaikh tells Salaam Gateway. 

Shaikh has teamed up with influencers to grow her brand, working with creators who wear modest clothing as a reflection and extension of their identity, not a marketing act. For her, being authentic and empowering are paramount in every collaboration. If not, the message gets lost.

“Modesty is a mindset - confidence that comes from self-respect. It’s not about hiding; it’s about choosing how you wish to show yourself to the world,” adds Shaikh. 

Mumtaz Khan, a designer from the Indian city of Bhopal, believes influencer marketing is crucial, given that social media has changed how people view modest fashion.

“In India, modest clothes used to seem old-fashioned or limiting,” he tells Salaam Gateway.

“Now, with Instagram and YouTube, we can show that they can be modern, chic, and attractive.”

Khan said that when young women see influencers wearing modest outfits to work, or for sports or travel, they start to view modesty as something empowering instead of restricting.

“Influencers help mix global fashion trends with Indian styles. It’s not just for Muslim women; many women outside that community are interested in it, too. Influencer marketing can help make modest fashion popular much faster than traditional methods.”

Varied perspectives
Each entrepreneur views influencer marketing through a different lens. Some creators, like Khan and Forever Modest’s Shaikh, value influencers as a fulcrum of digital marketing, vaulting modest fashion into the top echelons of vogue and style. 

The flipside view exists, too. Zeeshan Arfeen, founder of abaya brand Mushkiya, believes brands working with influencers who do not emulate similar values may erode brand equity and the overarching concept of modesty. 

The main issue is being genuine. Functioning in a field that weaves faith and identity with sartorial choices and expression, influencers should do more than just don and promote attire – they must embody virtues that accompany the clothing.

Authentic influencers can create trust and forge a strong connect with brands. If a promotion comes through as fake or forced, it could prove counterproductive.

India’s global presence
India has the third-largest Muslim population in the world and a growing fashion industry, which could vault it at the fore of modest fashion. The country has skilled artisans, widespread internet access, and greater exposure to global trends, creating new opportunities for local brands.

Social media is fuelling the growth with social media platforms enabling Indian modest fashion brands to connect with customers in regions like the Middle East and Southeast Asia. For instance,

Forever Modest gained national attention after appearing on Shark Tank India, a business reality television show, while Mushkiya makes modern abayas that attract younger Muslim shoppers globally who wish to meld tradition with style.

13 Oct 2025
Insight
Islamic Lifestyle
Top 10 countries with highest percentage of Muslims

Islam is the fastest growing religion in the world, with Muslims constituting a sizeable demographic force.

The number of Muslims grew 21% between 2010 and 2020, from 1.7 billion to two billion. Muslims grew twice as fast as the rest of the world’s population. which swelled 10% during the last decade.

Muslims, meanwhile, grew from 24% to 26% as a share of the global population. But where do they reside?

Around 240 million Muslims are based in Indonesia, as of 2020. Along with those residing in Pakistan and India, they constitute a third of Muslims worldwide. 

Jakarta, Indonesia (Image courtesy: Shutterstock)

The top 10 countries with the largest number of Muslims, namely Indonesia, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Egypt, Iran, Turkey, Sudan and Algeria, are home to 65% of the world’s total Muslim population, equalling a combined 1.3 billion individuals, according to Pew Research Center.  

From a share of percentage, Morocco’s population is entirely Muslim, with 100% of its residents following Islam as recent as the year 2021, according to the World Population Review, citing Pew Research.  

Essaouira, Morocco (Image courtesy: Shutterstock)

Host to rugged mountain ranges, Afghanistan hosts a staggering Muslim population, constituting 99.7% of its resident base.  

Blue Mosque in Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan (Image courtesy: Shutterstock)

Here’s a list of top 10 countries and territories with the highest percentage of Muslims in 2021. 

Morocco (100% Muslims)

Morocco's population of 38.4 million comprises entirely of Muslims. The African country has a diverse economy with thriving tourism and manufacturing sectors.  

Afghanistan (99.7% Muslims)

Afghanistan's population is Muslim almost without exception. The Asian country known for its ancient Silk Road routes, has a population of 44 million, making it the 36th largest country worldwide.

Somalia (99.7% Muslims)

The African country of Somalia, also known for the Horn of Africa and longest coastline in mainland Africa, has a a population of 19.7 million, of which Muslims form an overwhelming majority. 

Iran (99.5% Muslims)

The 17th largest country in the world, Iran known for its Islamic architecture has a population of 92.4 million, comprising of 99.5% Muslims. 

Tunisia (99.5% Muslims)

Tunisia has a population of 12.3 million, making it the 80th largest country in the world.

Western Sahara (99.4% Muslims)

Western Sahara has a modest population of nearly 601 thousand, making it the 172nd largest country in the world.

Iraq (99.1% Muslims)

Iraq is a country in Asia with a population of over 47 million, making it the 34th largest country in the world. It has a staggering Muslim presence, making up 99.1% of its resident base. 

Yemen (99.1% Muslims)

Yemen has a population of 41.8 million, making it the 37th largest country in the world. 

Mauritania (99.1% Muslims)

The African country of Mauritania has a population of 5.3 million, with Muslims forming a formidable majority. 

Mayotte (99.1% Muslims)

Mayotte, which is made up of one main island, one smaller island, and islets, has a population of 270,372.  

11 Aug 2025
Insight
Islamic Lifestyle
Ten Muslim-friendly airports in non-Muslim countries

As the global travel landscape has evolved in recent years, especially post-pandemic, one segment that has emerged is that of the Muslim travel market. According to CrescentRating, in 2024,  Muslim international arrivals hit 176 million, surpassing pre-pandemic levels by 10%. By 2030, this number is expected to climb to 245 million, with spending forecast to reach $235 billion.  These figures underline the market’s economic potential and signal its growing clout in shaping travel trends. 



Catering to the rise of the Muslim travel market
There’s truth to the saying, “First impressions last”, especially when it comes to arriving in a new destination. While the Muslim travel market is incredibly diverse, a few universal needs consistently shape traveler preferences. Chief among them are access to halal-certified food, clearly designated prayer spaces with proper qibla direction and gender separation, and accessible ablution (wudu) facilities. When these essentials are available, Muslim travelers are far more likely to choose destinations that accommodate their faith-based requirements over those that do not. 

This has prompted a growing number of international airports in non-OIC (non-Muslim-majority) countries to invest in Muslim-friendly infrastructure.

According to CrescentRating, the key criteria used to assess Muslim-friendly airports include access to halal-certified food in both public and secure transit zones, dedicated prayer spaces with appropriate signage and qibla direction, gender-separated facilities, and accessible wudu stations nearby. Service quality, visibility of signage, and communication in multiple languages also factor into rankings.

This attention to detail reflects a commitment to inclusivity and serves as a competitive advantage. Airports that proactively meet the needs of Muslim travelers are more likely to be recommended, revisited, and featured in social media-driven decision-making. In many ways, airports have become quiet ambassadors of cultural respect, and those that get it right stand to benefit from the loyalty of a rapidly growing global segment.

The following airports have distinguished themselves for their thoughtful, inclusive amenities tailored to the needs of Muslim travelers.

While all operate in non-Muslim-majority countries, they’ve each invested substantially in prayer facilities, halal-certified dining, ablution areas, and inclusive services.

Here is a list of ten Muslim-friendly airports in no particular order. 

1. Suvarnabhumi International Airport – Bangkok, Thailand
One of Asia’s busiest airports, Suvarnabhumi, has gone to great lengths to accommodate Muslim passengers. It offers multiple dedicated prayer rooms located in both public and secure transit zones, with gender-separated sections and facilities for Jumu’ah (Friday) prayers. Ablution stations are integrated near the prayer areas. Halal-certified food, including Thai cuisine and international fast-food franchises, is widely available throughout the terminal.

2. Changi International Airport – Singapore
Often ranked the world’s best airport, Changi excels in faith-sensitive services. All terminals include multi-faith prayer rooms with male and female separation and proper wudu facilities. Halal dining options are available at certified retailers such as Burger King, Popeyes, McDonald’s, Delifrance, and Coffee Bean. Clear signage and high service standards make it one of the most accommodating airports globally.

3. O.R. Tambo International Airport – Johannesburg, South Africa
As South Africa’s main air hub, O.R. Tambo provides a dedicated Muslim prayer room with gender-separated areas near the basement parking area. Jumu’ah prayers are held weekly, and halal-certified food is available at the airport, including a Nando’s outlet in Terminal A.

4. Heathrow Airport – London, United Kingdom
Each of Heathrow’s terminals includes multi-faith prayer rooms open 24/7 and accommodating Friday prayers. While halal dining options are not as extensive as in other airports, they include AMT Coffee, Pret a Manger (select outlets), and snack shops like Bite. The airport’s clear signage and consistent access to prayer spaces make it a reliable choice for Muslim travelers transiting through the UK.

5. Bandaranaike International Airport – Colombo, Sri Lanka
Colombo’s main international airport includes a designated Muslim prayer room in the transit lounge, with gender-separated spaces. Though there are no specialized wudu stations, nearby restrooms include foot-washing facilities. While halal restaurants are limited, shops across the terminal offer packaged halal snacks and convenience foods.

6. Franz Josef Strauss Airport – Munich, Germany
Munich Airport has provided a dedicated Muslim prayer room since 2011, complete with Qurans, prayer mats, and qibla direction. Halal food options are accessible and marked in Terminals 2 and 3. The facilities cater well to the rising number of Muslim travelers in Germany and the EU, and the airport’s clean, quiet spaces offer a peaceful environment for religious observance.

7. John F. Kennedy International Airport – New York City, USA
JFK offers Muslim prayer rooms in Terminals 1 and 4 with gender-specific areas. While designated wudu facilities are lacking, adjacent restrooms suffice. During Ramadan, the airport provides dates and water for iftar and extends prayer room access to accommodate peak usage. Halal dining options are scattered but include some fast-food and café offerings.

8. Melbourne Airport – Australia
Melbourne Airport includes a well-signposted prayer room, separated by gender and equipped with adjacent washrooms featuring footrests for ablution. Halal food options, including international chains like Krispy Kreme and select local vendors, are available across Terminals 2 and 3.

9. Chek Lap Kok International Airport – Hong Kong
One of the busiest airports in East Asia, Hong Kong’s main airport includes two Muslim prayer rooms. While halal-certified restaurants are limited, Sky City Bistro near the terminal offers halal meals. Ablution can be performed in connected restrooms. 

10. Manchester Airport – United Kingdom
Manchester Airport features two multi-faith prayer rooms with full wudu facilities and 24-hour access. During Hajj season, it goes a step further, offering ihram changing areas and temporary prayer spaces to accommodate the influx of pilgrims. 

Inclusion is the new competitive advantage
In a travel landscape increasingly shaped by choice and personalization, inclusivity becomes a strategic asset, with benefits that go beyond mere optics. Airports that offer halal-certified dining, clean and accessible prayer rooms, and wudu facilities often become preferred transit hubs for Muslim travelers, translating positive experiences into long-term loyalty, stronger word-of-mouth, and increased likelihood of repeat visits. 

After all, in the age of social media and peer reviews, even small gestures, such as offering dates and water at iftar or marking qibla directions, can make a lasting impression that travelers pass on.

04 Aug 2025
Insight
Islamic Lifestyle
Modest fashion gains ground in Western academia

Although it's been around for a long time, modest fashion has gained traction recently. What was once a niche style has become a booming fashion category as Western academics have started paying attention. According to a 2025 study, the demand for modest clothing has continued to grow despite the disruptions caused by the pandemic. Still, it's not yet a mainstream topic in academia. One article noted that only a few scholars have examined the new wave of modest-fashion entrepreneurs closely. That said, interest is growing, with more research papers, conferences, and even some degree programs starting to focus on the subject.


While Western universities have only recently warmed to modest fashion as a research topic, several peer-reviewed publications mark its emergence. For example, a 2024 study in the Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship profiles Muslim-American women who launched modest-fashion brands, highlighting how the global modest market grew rapidly in the 2010s and yet remained underserved by academia. Likewise, a 2025 Journal of Islamic Marketing paper analyzed big data on e-commerce modest clothing sales and found a resilient, price-sensitive consumer base with enduring demand for modest styles. Such studies demonstrate that mainstream academic journals are beginning to cover modest fashion as a legitimate business and consumer research topic.


Similarly, top researchers in the field have also produced important groundwork. This includes professor Reina Lewis from the London College of Fashion, who authored two influential books on Muslim fashion and modesty, "Muslim fashion: Contemporary style cultures" and "Modest fashion: Styling bodies, mediating faith." 


Interest in modest fashion in the West has been growing for a long time. Even as far back as 2011, an LCF-hosted symposium titled "Mediating modesty" brought together researchers from Europe and the US to discuss faith-based fashion and online modest-dressing practices. That trend continues to grow, as recently, the University of Copenhagen's Centre for Modern European Studies ran a 2022 workshop on "Modest fashion: An expression of contemporary Muslim women's lifestyles," noting how Islamic modest dress has shifted from niche to "large-scale global industry" and serves as an identity expression.

Dedicated courses on modest fashion are still rare, but a few institutions are beginning to weave the subject into mainstream fashion studies. One example is Toronto Metropolitan University (formerly Ryerson University) in Canada. The university's Centre for Fashion Diversity and Social Change hosted a master's research project titled "Women undercover," led by Romana Mirza. The project explored the intersectional identities of Muslim women through ethnographic wardrobe interviews and digital storytelling. It featured public lectures such as "Modest fashion – Tradition, innovation, subversion," showing how a public fashion school can meaningfully integrate modest fashion into research and student learning.


And while most fashion schools don't yet offer full programs dedicated to modest wear, many are beginning to engage with the topic through faculty research and special courses. For instance, the London College of Fashion (UAL) has modesty as part of its research agenda. Its AHRC-funded project "Modest fashion in UK women's working life" (in collaboration with Coventry University) explores how religious dress codes impact women in the workplace. Elsewhere, Johns Hopkins University's Life Design Lab has offered a student-led course on modest fashion marketing. At Parsons School of Design in New York and Paris, students have explored modesty within broader studies of identity and inclusivity.

Together, these efforts reflect growing academic interest in modest fashion, not only in faith-based institutions but also across leading Western universities. Parallel to Western scholarship, researchers in Muslim-majority countries are also advancing the field, especially in textile innovation. Indonesia and Middle Eastern countries have become hotbeds for modest-fashion R&D, often with government or industry support. For example, Indonesian companies have pioneered halal-certified textiles specifically for modest clothing. In 2021, PT MilangKori Persada's "KainHalal" brand became the world's first halal-certified textile manufacturer. They produced fabrics that meet Islamic standards by tracing supply chains and using a specialty cupro (Bemberg) fiber. These textiles are breathable, wrinkle-resistant, and quick-drying, ideal for hijabs and pilgrimage garments.

In the Middle East, academic institutions and industry labs drive innovation in sustainable textiles for modest wear. In Saudi Arabia, the Sustainable Materials Research Center, part of the KAUST initiative, is actively developing eco-friendly fabrics tailored for garments like abayas and thobes. This effort is part of a broader regional push toward circular fashion and environmentally conscious materials in traditional clothing.

As part of Vision 2030, Saudi designers increasingly use recycled plastics and natural dyes, while moving away from harmful chemicals in textile production. These developments show how advanced textile science reimagines modest garments, blending modern sustainability goals with cultural traditions.

While these are giant strides in and of themselves, the next critical leap lies in focused research and development for the modest fashion industry to truly thrive, especially across OIC markets. What's needed now is deeper investment in designing products that genuinely reflect modest consumers' needs, values, and preferences. That innovation must come from those who intimately understand the lifestyle, not just from trend-driven adaptations of mainstream fashion. As global interest grows, the opportunity for OIC players is clear: to lead with authenticity, insight, and technical excellence in shaping the future of modest fashion.

28 Jul 2025
Insight
Islamic Lifestyle
A modern revival of waqf for funeral support

In 16th-century Cairo, waqf deeds quietly sustained entire communities. They paid for schools, hospitals, burial shrouds, soup kitchens, and inns for travelers.

A waqf, by definition, is an Islamic endowment locked in perpetuity for the public good. It wasn’t reserved for the wealthy. Middle-class families, artisans, and widows gave what they could to serve the living and the dead.

Today, that tradition feels like a thing of the past. But its spirit is deeply needed, perhaps now more so than ever, especially as many families struggle with the cost of dying.

In Egypt, families can spend over a month’s salary on burial expenses. In Jordan, funeral costs often exceed six weeks’ wages for the average household. In Morocco, the death of a family breadwinner can wipe out savings, forcing families to borrow or seek help.

The emotional weight of losing a loved one is heavy enough. But the added financial burden can turn grief into crisis.

This raises an important point: What if we cared for death like we once cared for life? Together.

A tradition that sustained communities
Waqf systems were more than charity. They were the building blocks of the community and its infrastructure.

In Ottoman Istanbul, waqf-funded kitchens fed thousands. In Mughal India, endowments supported schools, shelters, and funeral arrangements. Many included burial expenses, covering shrouds and services.

This reflected a core Islamic value. The janazah prayer is a fard kifayah, a communal obligation. If no one fulfills it, the whole community is accountable. Prophet Muhammad ﷺ encouraged easing each other’s burdens in times of illness, loss, and poverty.

But today, families live far apart. Support networks are usually non-existent or stretched past their breaking point. What was once instinctive must now be rebuilt with intent and new tools.

Where tech and tradition meet
Today, the idea of waqf is being quietly digitized. In Indonesia, platforms like Waqf World let users create micro-endowments online, pooling small contributions to support education, housing, and funeral care.

In Saudi Arabia, the General Authority for Awqaf has launched a national platform to set up and manage waqf contributions transparently.

These are small steps, but they show how Islamic economic values can evolve without losing their essence.

Still, funeral care is often missing from modern financial systems. Even where takaful exists, it doesn’t always reach lower-income or cross-border Muslim communities.

This is where mutual protection models are quietly gaining ground.

The role of tabarru’-based funds
A tabarru’ model is built on voluntary contributions. Members give to support one another, with no expectation of return. These pooled funds are used for agreed-upon purposes like funeral support, family relief, and debt clearance.

Islamic cooperatives already use this model in Malaysia and Indonesia. In Turkiye, blockchain tools are being explored to better track waqf and zakat flows.

Not all these systems are called waqf. But they carry its spirit, shared care, mutual support, and non-profit intent.

A quiet revival in motion
What’s needed isn’t just financial coverage. It’s a mindset shift. A way to re-normalize end-of-life planning, not out of personal fear, but as a communal responsibility, rooted in dignity and care.

The LifeDAO (TLD), for example, recently launched its Life Protection Benefit, a global mutual fund where members contribute to protect one another. If a member passes away, the fund supports their loved ones.

Built as a decentralized, member-governed system, the fund, while not a waqf in name, reflects the same principles.

It reminds us that care at the end of life doesn’t need to be commercialized. It can be collective.

Reclaiming what we never lost
Islamic finance is often defined by rules. But behind the rules is a spirit that encourages mercy, fairness, and communal care. Waqf is one of the clearest expressions of that spirit.

The challenge now is to make what once worked work again. That means building systems that are borderless but grounded, digital but human, accessible yet intentional.

It means creating spaces where the values of our traditions meet the realities of modern life.

At the end of the day, it’s not just about who pays for a funeral. It’s about who shows up when it matters most. And if our ancestors built entire systems of care, we can too.

Sharene Lee is chief operating officer & co-founder of Takadao

14 Jul 2025
Insight
Islamic Lifestyle
How Muslim women-friendly travel is gaining ground

For many Muslim women, planning a holiday goes far beyond booking flights and hotels. It often involves a meticulous checklist - scouring restaurant for halal or vegetarian options, locating mosques that offer prayer spaces for women, and conducting safety checks on the destination.

Whether wearing a hijab or a niqab, or hoping to swim in a burkini, the question isn't just where to go, but whether they’ll be welcomed when they do.

But the landscape is shifting, driven by a wave of grassroots initiatives that are actively reshaping the travel experience for Muslim women.

Life-changing expeditions

One of the most influential players in this space is The Wanderlust Women, a hiking and adventure group founded in 2020 by Amira Patel. What began as a response to the lack of representation of Muslim women in outdoor spaces has evolved into a global movement.

“That inspired me to create a safe, empowering space for Muslim women to reconnect - not just with nature, but with themselves and their Creator as a Muslim,” Patel tells Salaam Gateway.

Since its inception, the group has grown beyond local hiking trails in the UK to lead international expeditions. Its trips have taken women to the mountains of northern Pakistan and Morocco, the Arctic wilderness of Svalbard, horseback trails in Kyrgyzstan, and even safaris across Tanzania.

“Women are looking for more than just a holiday. These are not holidays; these are life-changing experiences, expeditions,” says Patel. “They want healing, connection, and community.”

Although social media has helped amplify their reach, she credits their rapid growth primarily to word of mouth. “The transformation women experience on these trips speaks for itself - they come back changed, and they share that.”

The Wanderlust Women intentionally selects destinations that are either Muslim-majority or culturally sensitive, offering halal meals, prayer breaks, and activities like trekking and scuba diving, all complemented by spiritual practices such as dhikr circles and Quran journaling. 

Places like Morocco, Indonesia, Malaysia, Zanzibar, and parts of Central Asia have become favorites for their blend of natural beauty and cultural familiarity.

Global explorers bound by faith

Another major player leading the charge is the Muslim Women Travel Group (MWTG). Founded in 2015, the initiative started as a modest Facebook group and is now a flourishing global network, connecting tens of thousands of like-minded women the world over.

Sadia Ramzan, founder and director of MWTG, says the idea was deeply personal.

“As a single mother with a deep love for travel, I often found it difficult to find someone to travel with who shared my values. I was fortunate to have my sister accompany me on many trips, but I quickly realized not everyone has that support system," Ramzan tells Salaam Gateway. 

“Our mission is to make the world feel more open, accessible, and safe for Muslim women, without requiring them to compromise their faith, modesty, or cultural identity. We’ve created a space where you can belong, explore, and travel confidently.”

The trend has gathered pace. The community includes over 50,000 members on its private Facebook group, nearly 30,000 Instagram followers, 11,000 TikTok followers, and 5,000 newsletter subscribers. Their trips, once limited to a few UK-based getaways, now span Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and even Antarctica.

“In 2023 and 2024 alone, we sold out trips to Mongolia, Japan and South Korea, Jordan, and Thailand - some in under 48 hours,” Ramzan says. “This growth has been fueled by word of mouth, authentic storytelling, and a growing recognition that Muslim women want and deserve culturally conscious, empowering travel experiences.”

What Muslim women travelers want

An estimated 82% of women are known to make majority of travel decisions globally, according to Skift Research. But the expectations of Muslim women travelers go far beyond the basics.

“Today’s Muslim women travelers are looking for more than just halal food and a prayer mat; they’re seeking representation, safety, authenticity, and the freedom to be themselves while exploring the world,” says Ramzan.

This translates into thoughtful itineraries that include female-only spas, dry hotels, and even skydiving with female instructors. Trips organized by MWTG are led by experienced women and often employ female staff across the entire supply chain.

“We work with women where possible throughout our supply chain, not only because it's our preference, but because we want to give back to local women in tourism, especially in regions where they are underpaid or overlooked,” Ramzan adds.

Shifting perceptions

Despite the momentum, Muslim-friendly adventure travel faces significant hurdles, from logistical gaps to entrenched stereotypes.

“Finding local guides, accommodation, and transport that align with our values isn’t always easy, especially in remote regions,” says Patel.

“Sometimes people don’t understand why a group of Muslim women want to climb a mountain or travel alone. But with time, patience, and community-building, we work to shift that perspective.”

Ramzan also points to the challenges posed by a travel industry that has yet to fully embrace the diversity within Muslim communities.

“There’s a lingering stereotype that Muslim women don’t travel or aren’t adventurous, which couldn’t be further from the truth,” she says.

“Our community includes women who have broken records climbing mountains, walked on the world’s seventh continent, camped on icebergs, and kayaked through deltas in deadly waters.”

Addressing access issues in less familiar destinations is also an ongoing challenge. “From negotiating with hotels to provide private spa or pool access, to ensuring halal meals in remote regions, it often requires extra planning and relationship-building on the ground,” says Ramzan.

MWTG works directly with local partners to educate them and build mutually respectful relationships, making each experience more seamless for future groups.

Affordability coupled with the Gen Z factor

Affordability is central to this movement. According to the Mastercard-CrescentRating Muslim Gen Z Travel Report 2023, 53% of Gen Z Muslim women aim to spend under $150 per day while traveling.

Companies like Sisters Getaway, which has hosted more than 600 women on over 40 retreats in Zanzibar, Morocco, and Spain, offer monthly installment plans to make travel more accessible. Similarly, MWTG’s flexible payment options have made bucket-list destinations like Japan and Antarctica within reach. 

Looking ahead, Ramzan hopes to create a social enterprise arm that offers subsidized trips or bursary-style support for women who may otherwise never have the opportunity to travel.

As Muslim women-focused travel companies continue to expand and redefine the industry, the message is clear: this is more than a trend - it’s a transformative movement that is aiming to make tourism more inclusive, adventurous, and unapologetically faith-driven.
 

03 Jul 2025
Insight
Islamic Lifestyle
How Saudi Arabia is turning religious tourism into a growth engine

Like millions of Muslims worldwide, when 72-year-old Ahmad traveled to Saudi Arabia to perform Hajj with his son and grandchildren, he was struck by how much had changed since his first pilgrimage in 1987.

Recalling his parents’ experiences, who had sailed from Pakistan and relied on acquaintances and makeshift shelters back in the 1960s, the change was even more startling.

From e-visa registrations to climate-controlled tents and real-time crowd monitoring, everything was more coordinated and streamlined as Saudi Arabia continues its attempt to strengthen its tourism sector, backed by the rising number of religious devotees.

Religious tourism as a core growth engine
When Saudi Arabia launched its Vision 2030 plan in 2016, tourism was positioned as a key pillar of economic diversification, with religious travel viewed as the kingdom's most scalable and dependable asset. Nearly a decade later, the results are surpassing initial benchmarks.

In 2024, over 18.5 million pilgrims visited the kingdom - 16.9 million for Umrah and 1.61 million for Hajj, according to data reported by Skift and the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah. The goal is to welcome 30 million Umrah pilgrims annually by 2030.

According to the kingdom's General Authority for Statistics (GASTAT), 1.67 million pilgrims performed Hajj in 2025, with the vast majority - 1.51 million people from 171 countries - arriving from abroad.

Breaking the numbers down further, in 2025, air travel dominated arrivals (1.58 million), while land and sea routes together accounted for 8%. 

The demographic split between men and women was almost down the middle, with 878,000 and 795,000, respectively. There were only 10% Saudi nationals for Hajj, which illustrates that the annual pilgrimage remains, first and foremost, a global gathering.  

While the total attendance dropped  8.5% from 1,833,164 pilgrims recorded in 2024, Hajj 2025 remained the world's largest coordinated religious convention. 

The other main pilgrimage is Umrah, which, unlike Hajj, operates year-round and continues to drive volume growth.

According to GASTAT and the Ministry of Hajj, 6.5 million international visitors performed Umrah in the first quarter of 2025 alone, an 11% jump on the previous year.

This was owed to an expanded e-visa scheme that now covers more than 60 countries and to an airline network rapidly stitching new routes across Asia and Africa.

Vital contribution 

Religious tourism contributes roughly $12 billion annually to Saudi Arabia's economy, making up nearly 20% of the non-oil economy and around 7% of the total GDP, according to Astrolabs Insights 2024. 

Spending data from Visa's Travel Pulse Index for Ramadan 2025 showed a 162% year-on-year surge in Makkah during the holy month, with food and beverage comprising 27% of transactions, followed by accommodation and transport.

In Madinah, spending rose 64% during the same period, with official data suggesting pilgrims typically spend between $1,300 - $4,000 per trip, depending on the package and duration. 

The sector also delivers employment opportunities. In 2023, religious tourism supported over 936,000 jobs, with projections rising to 1.6 million by 2030 as Umrah capacity and infrastructure grow.

Megaprojects building a pilgrim metropolis
Saudi Arabia's infrastructure investments under its Vision 2030 transformation agenda are reshaping the physical landscape of pilgrimage.

From hotel expansions to rail upgrades and enhanced airport capacity, these megaprojects are designed to scale the volume and quality of religious tourism.

In Makkah, the Masar Destination project on King Abdulaziz Road, is a $26.6 billion mixed-use corridor, which will host 24,000 hotel rooms and 13,000 residential units, accommodating up to 158,000 pilgrims annually.

The Rua Al Madinah redevelopment in Madinah reportedly spans 1.5 million square meters and will add 47,000 keys, host 149,000 visitors, and create 93,000 jobs across hospitality, transport, and retail.

Radisson Hotel Group also announced two new properties in Madinah with further expansion planned, citing the city's more stable, year-round demand. Wyndham Hotels & Resorts plans to open 100 Super 8 hotels by 2030, many in Makkah and Madinah's mid-market segment.

In addition to this, major upgrades in air and rail are also underway. For instance, the King Salman International Airport in Riyadh will feature six runways and handle up to 120 million passengers annually by 2030, with a capacity set to reach 185 million by 2050. 

The Haramain High-Speed Railway added two million seats in 2025, and transported nearly 70% of international Umrah pilgrims this year between Jeddah, Makkah, and Madinah in under 45 minutes. 

During Hajj, the Mashair Metro supported last-mile transport, moving up to 72,000 passengers per hour across key ritual sites, including Mina, Arafat, Muzdalifah, Jamarat, and the Grand Mosque.

Digital pilgrim and smart Hajj
Saudi Arabia's Smart Hajj initiative is transforming the pilgrimage experience through AI, mobile platforms, and real-time data systems.

At the center of this digital transformation is Nusuk, the official Hajj and Umrah "super-app," which offers e-visa processing, itinerary updates, cashless payments, and access to transport and emergency services.

As of early 2025, Nusuk had surpassed 12 million downloads and is now available in 14 languages. Pilgrims are also issued RFID-enabled smart cards that store personal, medical, and logistical data.

The Ministry of Interior deployed over 2,000 drones and smart surveillance cameras across the holy sites during this year's annual pilgrimage. These AI-powered systems feed into a central control room that uses satellite imagery and predictive analytics to detect and resolve crowd bottlenecks in real-time.

Transit systems have also been upgraded. The Mashair Metro now adjusts train dispatch frequencies based on crowd density. In 2025, train intervals were reduced by up to 60% during peak congestion to ease platform pressure.

Inclusivity is also improving. In 2024, the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah introduced VR orientation modules for elderly and first-time pilgrims. Offered in over 10 languages, the program helps users become familiar with the rituals before arrival.

From Hajj-only to Umrah plus
To extend stay durations and increase visitor spending, the Ministry of Tourism has launched a program encouraging pilgrims to combine religious rites with visits to destinations such as Jeddah's Al-Balad, Taif, or the Red Sea coast.

The initiative aims to boost the average length of stay from five to nine nights and lift per capita spending beyond $1,000 by integrating culture, heritage, and leisure with religion.

Meanwhile, Saudi Arabia's stopover program offers 96-hour transit visas with complimentary hotel stays, further supporting extended visits.

This approach helps reduce seasonality, distributing traffic beyond peak Hajj and Ramadan periods, and creates year-round demand for transportation, accommodation, and local services.

27 Jun 2025
Insight
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